El PoE es llamado así por sus siglas en inglés (energía sobre Ethernet en español). Esta es una tecnología que envía energía por medio del mismo cable ethernet. Permite utilizar un mismo cable para enviar datos y energía, por unos de los hilos del cable pasan datos y por otros energía. Un circuito PoE tiene 3 componentes que explicaremos a continuación.
1 – Fuente de poder
El primer elemento es el que envía la energía, este se puede dividir en:
Inyector PoE individual. Este equipo se utiliza cuando el equipo se encuentre aislado de la fuente principal de poder o bien sólo se necesita energizar un equipo en el proyecto.
Inyector Poe Rackeable. Los inyectores de varios puertos trabajan en paralelo a un switch de datos, traen 2 puertos, uno de data (de donde se conectará el patch cord que viene del switch) y uno de power, donde se conectará el cable que viaja al dispositivo alimentado.
Switch con capacidad PoE. La mejor ocupar menos espacio, estar condensada en un sólo equipo y además ser más segura, es el Switch PoE.
2 – Dispositivo alimentado
Los principales dispositivos que son alimentados por esta tecnología son:
- Access Point
- Cámaras
- Teléfono IP
3.- Cable Ethernet
El cable de ethernet es el medio por el cual viajará la energía y los datos que hacen funcionar al equipo. Hay que cuidar que el cable sea de buena calidad para evitar reinvertir al cabo de un año o dos, recomendamos la categoría 5e o 6.
PoE Pasivo y Activo
El PoE activo maneja un estándar de interoperabilidad entre distintos fabricantes y permite a los equipos saber si son receptores de energía o no lo son, así como el voltaje requerido para alimentar el equipo.
El PoE pasivo es, por lo general, un inyector individual suministrado con un equipo y que no pertenece a un estándar, además por lo general sólo permite enviar energía por 40mts. Es preferible utilizar la tecnología de PoE activo, sobre todo para instalaciones de varios dispositivos.
Ventajas del PoE
La principal ventaja del PoE es la de tener la alimentación de energía centralizada en un sólo equipo (en vez de un contacto por cada equipo), con esto se puede respaldar todo en un mismo sitio por medio de un sistema de energía ininterrumpido (UPS).
Otra de las ventajas es la de que al utilizar un sólo cable se facilita la instalación, la hace más estética y permite utilizar una sola canalización para el dispositivo, lo cual significa una reducción de costos.
En Efisense nos dedicamos a proveer soluciones de tecnología para tu hogar, proyecto arquitectónico o negocio. Acércate a nosotros para recibir más información de cómo podemos ayudarte.
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